American tech giants spend more on R&D than France and Italy

It is startling to see how much of the world's R&D spending comes from (mostly American) tech giants.

The R&D spending of Amazon is greater than the R&D spending of all companies and government in France. Alphabet beats Italy.

Pepsi's R&D spending beats all sources in Nigeria. pic.twitter.com/ztzIHkOw7l

— Ethan Mollick (@emollick) January 13, 2024